The work al Mizan stands as one of the most rigorous and influential Shi‘i commentaries on the Qur’an produced in the twentieth century. Its structure is founded on a clear and coherent method: allowing the Book to elucidate itself through an internal network of references, connections and thematic correspondences. Every verse is examined in relation to other verses that address similar ideas, revealing an organic order that does not rely on external hypotheses but on the inner continuity of the Revelation. This approach places the exegesis within a perspective that views the Qur’an as a living reality endowed with an intrinsic unity that becomes visible only through disciplined and progressive reading. Once this method is outlined, the profile of its author can be fully appreciated. Allamah Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai was born in 1903 in Tabriz and died in 1981. He was one of the leading Shi‘i scholars of his era, recognised for doctrinal depth, philosophical rigour and moral sobriety. His formation began with the traditional religious sciences and continued in the city of Najaf, where he studied theology, logic, philosophy and interior disciplines under prominent masters of the Shi‘i tradition. This path enabled him to integrate rational knowledge, transmitted learning and contemplative life. After settling in Qom he became an authoritative figure in Shi‘i intellectual circles, capable of uniting methodological severity with a unified vision of knowledge. In al Mizan his fidelity to the Shi‘i tradition emerges with clarity. Verses concerning divine guidance, the role of the spiritual heirs of the Prophet and the foundational doctrinal principles are interpreted through the classical Shi‘i perspective, with careful attention to the transmitted teachings and to the relationship between revealed text and the interpretation inherited from the earliest masters. Yet the commentary never slips into polemical tone. Every step is built through language, internal coherence of the Qur’an and the logic of the revealed discourse. Tabatabai’s deep familiarity with the philosophy of Mulla Sadra strengthens the precision with which he addresses the higher themes of doctrine: the nature of the soul, the degrees of existence, the relationship between the visible world and the spiritual world, the function of guidance and the meaning of divine orientation. His reading maintains a constant balance between analytical discipline and inner depth. The result is a Shi‘i commentary that unites fidelity to tradition, conceptual rigour and sustained attention to the inner structure of the text. Tabatabai’s legacy remains essential because it demonstrates how the study of the Qur’an can remain firmly rooted in the Shi‘i heritage while revealing a broad, ordered and coherent vision of the Revelation.
Roberto Minichini, January 2026






